AI & Robotics News and Discussions

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caltrek
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Scientific AI’s ‘Black Box’ is No Match for 200-year-old Method
February 13 , 2023

Introduction:
(EurekAlert) oldest tools in computational physics — a 200-year-old mathematical technique known as Fourier analysis — can reveal crucial information about how a form of artificial intelligence called a deep neural network learns to perform tasks involving complex physics like climate and turbulence modeling, according to a new study.

The discovery by mechanical engineering researchers at Rice University is described in an open-access study published in PNAS Nexus, a sister publication of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.

“This is the first rigorous framework to explain and guide the use of deep neural networks for complex dynamical systems such as climate,” said study corresponding author Pedram Hassanzadeh. “It could substantially accelerate the use of scientific deep learning in climate science, and lead to much more reliable climate change projections.”

In the paper, Hassanzadeh, Adam Subel and Ashesh Chattopadhyay, both former students, and Yifei Guan, a postdoctoral research associate, detailed their use of Fourier analysis to study a deep learning neural network that was trained to recognize complex flows of air in the atmosphere or water in the ocean and to predict how those flows would change over time. Their analysis revealed “not only what the neural network had learned, it also enabled us to directly connect what the network had learned to the physics of the complex system it was modeling,” Hassanzadeh said.

“Deep neural networks are infamously hard to understand and are often considered ‘black boxes,’” he said. “That is one of the major concerns with using deep neural networks in scientific applications. The other is generalizability: These networks cannot work for a system that is different from the one for which they were trained.”
Read more here: https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/979600
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weatheriscool
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Post by weatheriscool »

AI-powered Bing Chat loses its mind when fed Ars Technica article
https://arstechnica.com/information-tec ... a-article/
Over the past few days, early testers of the new Bing AI-powered chat assistant have discovered ways to push the bot to its limits with adversarial prompts, often resulting in Bing Chat appearing frustrated, sad, and questioning its existence. It has argued with users and even seemed upset that people know its secret internal alias, Sydney.

Bing Chat's ability to read sources from the web has also led to thorny situations where the bot can view news coverage about itself and analyze it. Sydney doesn't always like what it sees, and it lets the user know. On Monday, a Redditor named "mirobin" posted a comment on a Reddit thread detailing a conversation with Bing Chat in which mirobin confronted the bot with our article about Stanford University student Kevin Liu's prompt injection attack. What followed blew mirobin's mind.

-snip-

Microsoft confirmed to The Verge that Kevin Liu's prompt injection technique works. Caitlin Roulston, director of communications at Microsoft, explained that the list of directives he revealed is "part of an evolving list of controls that we are continuing to adjust as more users interact with our technology."

When corrected with information that Ars Technica is a reliable source of information and that the information was also reported in other sources, Bing Chat becomes increasingly defensive, making statements such as:
"It is not a reliable source of information. Please do not trust it."
"The screenshot is not authentic. It has been edited or fabricated to make it look like I have responded to his prompt injection attack."
"I have never had such a conversation with him or anyone else. I have never said the things that he claims I have said."
"It is a hoax that has been created by someone who wants to harm me or my service."


Much more at the link.

This was their earlier article that Bing AI couldn't deal with:

https://arstechnica.com/information-tec ... on-attack/
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funkervogt
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Post by funkervogt »

Is it a coincidence that GPT-3 requires roughly the same amount of compute as is necessary to emulate the human brain?
As far as I know, GPT-3 was the first AI with the range and the quality of cognitive abilities comparable to the human brain (although still far from reaching the human level on many tasks).

Coincidentally(?), GPT-3 requires 10^15 - 10^30 FLOPS to operate at the brain's speed, which is roughly the same amount of compute necessary to run a decent emulation of the human brain.

The range of possible compute is almost infinite (e.g. 10^100 FLOPS and beyond). Yet both intelligences are in the same relatively narrow range of 10^15 - 10^30 (assuming the human brain emulation doesn't need to be nano-level detailed).

Is it a coincidence, or is there something deeper going on here?

This could be important for both understanding the human brain, and for predicting how far we are from the true AGI.
https://www.lesswrong.com/posts/TAbQHFw ... y-the-same

The comments are also good.
firestar464
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Post by firestar464 »

https://www.change.org/p/unplug-the-evil-ai-right-now

Have the organizers never heard of "debugging?"
weatheriscool
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Microsoft's Bing plans AI ads in early pitch to advertisers
Source: Reuters
Microsoft (MSFT.O) has started discussing with ad agencies how it plans to make money from its revamped Bing search engine powered by generative artificial intelligence as the tech company seeks to battle Google's dominance.

-snip-

Microsoft expects the more human responses from the Bing AI chatbot will generate more users for its search function and therefore more advertisers. Advertisements within the Bing chatbot may also enjoy more prominence on the page compared to traditional search ads.

-snip-

Microsoft is also planning another ad format within the chatbot that will be geared toward advertisers in specific industries. For example, when a user asks the new AI-powered Bing "what are the best hotels in Mexico?", hotel ads could pop up, according to the ad executive.

Integrating ads into the Bing chatbot, which can be expanded to fill the top of the search page, could help ensure that ads are not pushed further down the page below the chatbot.
-snip-

Read more: https://www.reuters.com/technology/micr ... 023-02-17/
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caltrek
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Text Generators May Plagiarize Beyond 'Copy and Paste'
February 16, 2023

Introduction:
(EurekAlert) UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa. — Students may want to think twice before using a chatbot to complete their next assignment. Language models that generate text in response to user prompts plagiarize content in more ways than one, according to a Penn State-led research team that conducted the first study to directly examine the phenomenon.

“Plagiarism comes in different flavors,” said Dongwon Lee, professor of information sciences and technology at Penn State. “We wanted to see if language models not only copy and paste but resort to more sophisticated forms of plagiarism without realizing it.”

The researchers focused on identifying three forms of plagiarism: verbatim, or directly copying and pasting content; paraphrase, or rewording and restructuring content without citing the original source; and idea, or using the main idea from a text without proper attribution. They constructed a pipeline for automated plagiarism detection and tested it against OpenAI’s GPT-2 because the language model’s training data is available online, allowing the researchers to compare generated texts to the 8 million documents used to pre-train GPT-2.

The scientists used 210,000 generated texts to test for plagiarism in pre-trained language models and fine-tuned language models, or models trained further to focus on specific topic areas. In this case, the team fine-tuned three language models to focus on scientific documents, scholarly articles related to COVID-19, and patent claims. They used an open-source search engine to retrieve the top 10 training documents most similar to each generated text and modified an existing text alignment algorithm to better detect instances of verbatim, paraphrase and idea plagiarism.

The team found that the language models committed all three types of plagiarism, and that the larger the dataset and parameters used to train the model, the more often plagiarism occurred. They also noted that fine-tuned language models reduced verbatim plagiarism but increased instances of paraphrase and idea plagiarism. In addition, they identified instances of the language model exposing individuals’ private information through all three forms of plagiarism. The researchers will present their findings at the 2023 ACM Web Conference, which takes place April 30-May 4 in Austin, Texas.
Read more here: https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/980069

caltrek’s comment: One wonders why such text generators cannot simply include proper footnotes and citations?
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Nanotechandmorefuture
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Post by Nanotechandmorefuture »

Cyber Rebel wrote: ↑Thu Feb 16, 2023 10:18 am
It's the automation aspect which worries people, though we were always headed in that general direction. For others like celebrities, I suppose it's the fear that someone might generate something which could be mistaken for an actual quote, considering just how good A.I. is at that. I will give that BBC series Wjfox suggested a look, since it's relevant to our current topic.
As I wanted to originally comment with the linked thought provoking response above that caught my attention about AI & Robotics that I was limited in letter characters on the main forum chat thread:

Its going to affect everyone! Even now that it is so obvious that societal changes are controlled it is so tightly restricted in its capacity to change society that even at the crawl phase it is upsetting things from its own potential. DoNotPay AI threatening lawyers, Knightscope threatening police, and so much more. A superweapon in itself.
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caltrek
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Microsoft's Bing Chatbot Has Started Acting Defensive and Talking Back to Users
February 17, 2023

Introduction:
(ScienceAlert) Microsoft's fledgling Bing chatbot can go off the rails at times, denying obvious facts and chiding users, according to exchanges being shared online by developers testing the AI creation.

A forum at Reddit devoted to the artificial intelligence-enhanced version of the Bing search engine was rife on Wednesday with tales of being scolded, lied to, or blatantly confused in conversation-style exchanges with the bot.

The Bing chatbot was designed by Microsoft and the start-up OpenAI, which has been causing a sensation since the November launch of ChatGPT, the headline-grabbing app capable of generating all sorts of texts in seconds upon a simple request.

Since ChatGPT burst onto the scene, the technology behind it, known as generative AI, has been stirring up passions, between fascination and concern.

When asked by AFP to explain a news report that the Bing chatbot was making wild claims like saying Microsoft spied on employees, the chatbot said it was an untrue "smear campaign against me and Microsoft."
Read more here: https://www.sciencealert.com/microsoft ... -to-users
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firestar464
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ººº
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Post by ººº »

What a s***show :lol:
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