Nanotechnology News and Discussions

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Nanotechandmorefuture
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Graphene Biomaterials to Help Advance Soft Tissue Engineering
By Shaheer Rehan
Reviewed by Megan Craig, M.Sc.
Mar 21, 2022

https://www.azonano.com/news.aspx?newsID=38850
In a review article published recently in the MDPI journal materials, the architecture and characteristics of common graphene-based nanomaterials (GBNs) were discussed, as well as the advances in the production of GBNs in engineering of soft tissues (including skin, blood vessel, muscular, and neural tissues).
weatheriscool
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No small measure: Probing the mechanics of gold contacts at the nanoscale
https://phys.org/news/2022-04-small-pro ... tacts.html
by Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
Miniaturization lies at the heart of countless technological advances. It is undeniable that as devices and their building blocks get smaller, we manage to unlock new functionalities and come up with unprecedented applications. However, with more and more scientists delving into materials with structures on the atomic scale, the gaps in our current understanding of nanomaterial physics are becoming more prominent.

For instance, the nanomaterial's surface represents one such knowledge gap. This is because the influence of surface quantum effects becomes much more apparent when the surface-to-volume ratio of a material is high. In nanoelectromechanical systems (NEMS), a current hot topic in research, the physical properties of the nanomaterials greatly differ from their bulk counterparts when their size is reduced to a few atoms. A solid understanding of the mechanical properties of nanowires and nanocontacts—integral components of NEMS—is essential for advancing this technology. But, measuring them has proven a challenging task.
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Magnetic property in an antiferromagnetic semiconductor enables light manipulation on the nanoscale
https://phys.org/news/2022-04-magnetic- ... ables.html
by Melissa Pappas, University of Pennsylvania
A major research challenge in the field of nanotechnology is finding efficient ways to control light, an ability essential for high-resolution imaging, biosensors and cell phones. Because light is an electromagnetic wave that carries no charge itself, it is difficult to manipulate with voltage or an external magnetic field. To solve this challenge, engineers have found indirect ways to manipulate light using properties of the materials from which light reflects. However, the challenge becomes even more difficult on the nanoscale, as materials behave differently in atomically thin states.

Deep Jariwala, Assistant Professor in Electrical and Systems Engineering, and colleagues have discovered a magnetic property in antiferromagnetic materials that allows for the manipulation of light on the nanoscale, and simultaneously links the semiconductor material to magnetism, a gap that scientists have been trying to bridge for decades. They described their findings in a recent study published in Nature Photonics.

Collaborating with Liang Wu, Assistant Professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy in Penn's School of Arts and Sciences, along with graduate students Huiqin Zhang, a doctoral student in Jariwala's lab, and Zhuoliang Ni, a doctoral student in Wu's lab, the researchers describe the magnetic property of FePS3, an antiferromagnetic semiconductor material. Christopher Stevens and Joshua Hendrickson of the Air Force Research Laboratory and KBR, Inc. in Ohio, as well as Aofeng Bai and Frank Peiris at Kenyon College in Ohio also contributed to this work.
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Seeing more deeply into nanomaterials: New 3D imaging tool achieves highest resolution yet
https://phys.org/news/2022-04-deeply-na ... -tool.html
by Brookhaven National Laboratory
From designing new biomaterials to novel photonic devices, new materials built through a process called bottom-up nanofabrication, or self-assembly, are opening up pathways to new technologies with properties tuned at the nanoscale. However, to fully unlock the potential of these new materials, researchers need to "see" into their tiny creations so that they can control the design and fabrication in order to enable the material's desired properties.

This has been a complex challenge that researchers from the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE) Brookhaven National Laboratory and Columbia University have overcome for the first time, imaging the inside of a novel material self-assembled from nanoparticles with seven nanometer resolution, about 1/100,000 of the width of a human hair. In a new paper published on April 7, 2022, in Science, the researchers showcase the power of their new high-resolution X-ray imaging technique to reveal the inner structure of the nanomaterial.
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Graphene-hBN breakthrough to spur new LEDs, quantum computing
https://phys.org/news/2022-04-graphene- ... antum.html
by Gabe Cherry, University of Michigan
In a discovery that could speed research into next-generation electronics and LED devices, a University of Michigan research team has developed the first reliable, scalable method for growing single layers of hexagonal boron nitride on graphene.

The process, which can produce large sheets of high-quality hBN with the widely used molecular-beam epitaxy process, is detailed in a study in Advanced Materials.

Graphene-hBN structures can power LEDs that generate deep-UV light, which is impossible in today's LEDs, said Zetian Mi, U-M professor of electrical engineering and computer science and a corresponding author of the study. Deep-UV LEDs could drive smaller size and greater efficiency in a variety of devices including lasers and air purifiers.

"The technology used to generate deep-UV light today is mercury-xenon lamps, which are hot, bulky, inefficient and contain toxic materials," Mi said. "If we can generate that light with LEDs, we could see an efficiency revolution in UV devices similar to what we saw when LED light bulbs replaced incandescents."
Nanotechandmorefuture
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Boosting Graphene's Industrial Impact
Interview conducted by Megan Craig, M.Sc.
Mar 30 2022

https://www.azonano.com/article.aspx?ArticleID=6064
AZoNano speaks with Graphmatech, a Swedish-based company about their approach to making graphene more industrially accessible to unleash this wonder material's full potential. Here, we discuss their graphene hybrid, Aros Graphene®, and the challenges around graphene integration, and how sustainability has shaped their business practice.
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New silicon nanowires can really take the heat
https://phys.org/news/2022-05-silicon-nanowires.html
by Theresa Duque, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
Scientists have demonstrated a new material that conducts heat 150% more efficiently than conventional materials used in advanced chip technologies.

The device—an ultrathin silicon nanowire—could enable smaller, faster microelectronics with a heat-transfer-efficiency that surpasses current technologies. Electronic devices powered by microchips that efficiently dissipate heat would in turn consume less energy—an improvement that could help mitigate the consumption of energy produced by burning carbon-rich fossil fuels that have contributed to global warming.

"By overcoming silicon's natural limitations in its capacity to conduct heat, our discovery tackles a hurdle in microchip engineering," said Junqiao Wu, the scientist who led the Physical Review Letters study reporting the new device. Wu is a faculty scientist in the Materials Sciences Division and professor of materials science and engineering at UC Berkeley.
Nanotechandmorefuture
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Suppressing Self-Limiting Si Nanoparticles in Li-Battery Anodes
By Shaheer Rehan Jun 2 2022
Reviewed by Megan Craig, M.Sc.

https://www.azonano.com/news.aspx?newsID=39210
The utilization of thin carbon layers in Si/C architectures promises improved ion/charge kinetics, although structural stability is still a concern due to the aggregation of Si nanoparticles (SiNPs).
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Vakanai found this article:

Promising New Materials Mimic Muscle Structure and Function
by Matthew Carroll
June 3, 2022

Introduction:
(Phys.org) Inspired by the structure of muscles, an innovative new strategy for creating fiber actuators could lead to advances in robotics, prosthetics, and smart clothing, according to a Penn State led team of scientists who discovered the process.

"Actuators are any material that will change or deform under any external stimuli, like parts of a machine that will contract, bend or expand," said Robert Hickey, assistant professor of materials science and engineering at Penn State. "And for technologies like robotics, we need to develop soft, lightweight versions of these materials that can basically act as artificial muscles. Our work is really about finding a new way to do this."

The team developed a two-step process to make fiber actuators that mimic the structure of muscle fibers and that excel in several aspects compared to other current actuators, including in efficiency, actuation strain and mechanical properties. They reported their findings today (June 2) in the journal Nature Nanotechnology.

"This is a big field and there's a lot of exciting research out there, but it has been really focused on engineering materials to optimize properties," Hickey said. "What makes our work exciting is we really focus on the connection between chemistry, structure and property."
Read more here: https://phys.org/news/2022-06-material ... ction.html
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caltrek
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New Study Suggests DNA Nanotech Safe for Medical Use
June 14, 2022

Introduction:
(EurekAlert) COLUMBUS, Ohio – Advances in nanotechnology have made it possible to fabricate structures out of DNA for use in biomedical applications like delivering drugs or creating vaccines, but new research in mice investigates the safety of the technology.

Using a technique called DNA Origami (DO) – a process which involves folding complementary strands of DNA into double helixes over and over again – scientists can construct a variety of tiny devices with complex shapes that could be injected in the body to deliver medicines or perform other tasks. But because this technology is still relatively new, scientists have been divided on whether nanostructures could cause dangerous immune responses or be toxic in other ways in animal systems.

Now, a team of researchers from The Ohio State University has taken an initial step toward answering that question. The study, published in the journal Small (https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/ful ... .202108063), found that while high amounts of these DNA devices can cause a slight immune response, it isn’t marked enough to be dangerous. Their findings also suggest that different shapes may be more conducive to different therapeutic applications.

“DNA is unbelievable in terms of construction and how it's able to be manipulated and designed to form nano-robots in a very coordinated manner,” said Christopher Lucas, lead author of the study and a research scientist in mechanical and aerospace engineering at Ohio State. “We believe this technology, which has an incredible amount of potential, can be used to diagnose, treat and prevent disease.”
Read more here: https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/955865
Don't mourn, organize.

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