New predictions for the timeline

[funkervogt]

250,000,000 AD – Hypercanes are frequent on Earth

Source is a National Geographic documentary called 'Naked Science: Supercontinent', at around 25:30: https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1qb411a7tu/

- The future supercontinent, Pangaea Ultima, will have storms much more powerful than those of today.
- Much of the surface of the Earth will get above 50°C, and will be 50°C as a monthly average. This will be due to increased solar energy as the Sun ages and increased carbon dioxide content (volcanism increasing due to the continents colliding into a supercontinent).
- This high temperature will fuel enormous storms called hypercanes, much larger than modern hurricanes, and reaching into the stratosphere.
- Creatures which can survive being pummeled by the oceans will become dominant. This would include organisms like crabs: with adaptations such as hard shells, ability to survive out of water, and ability to lock their gills up to become a self-contained environment.

From Wikipedia:

Hypercanes would have wind speeds of over 800 kilometres per hour (500 mph), potentially gusting to 970 km/h (600 mph), and would also have a central pressure of less than 700 hectopascals (20.67 inHg), giving them an enormous lifespan of at least several weeks. This extreme low pressure could also support massive storm systems roughly the size of North America.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypercane

Very fascinating. However, by that far in the future, we will have the technology to control the weather to a large extent. Satellites positioned between the Earth and Sun could shade the planet, keeping overall sunlight intensity levels the same as they are now.

And by using a technique called "star lifting," we could slowly siphon off the Sun's outer layers of hydrogen, which might shrink it enough to prevent it from turning into a red giant that is projected to expand and fry Earth in 5 billion years.
https://www.gregschool.org/gregschoolle ... e-galaxies

[Vakanai]

250,000,000 AD – Hypercanes are frequent on Earth

Source is a National Geographic documentary called 'Naked Science: Supercontinent', at around 25:30: https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1qb411a7tu/

- The future supercontinent, Pangaea Ultima, will have storms much more powerful than those of today.
- Much of the surface of the Earth will get above 50°C, and will be 50°C as a monthly average. This will be due to increased solar energy as the Sun ages and increased carbon dioxide content (volcanism increasing due to the continents colliding into a supercontinent).
- This high temperature will fuel enormous storms called hypercanes, much larger than modern hurricanes, and reaching into the stratosphere.
- Creatures which can survive being pummeled by the oceans will become dominant. This would include organisms like crabs: with adaptations such as hard shells, ability to survive out of water, and ability to lock their gills up to become a self-contained environment.

From Wikipedia:

Hypercanes would have wind speeds of over 800 kilometres per hour (500 mph), potentially gusting to 970 km/h (600 mph), and would also have a central pressure of less than 700 hectopascals (20.67 inHg), giving them an enormous lifespan of at least several weeks. This extreme low pressure could also support massive storm systems roughly the size of North America.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypercane

Very fascinating. However, by that far in the future, we will have the technology to control the weather to a large extent. Satellites positioned between the Earth and Sun could shade the planet, keeping overall sunlight intensity levels the same as they are now.

And by using a technique called "star lifting," we could slowly siphon off the Sun's outer layers of hydrogen, which might shrink it enough to prevent it from turning into a red giant that is projected to expand and fry Earth in 5 billion years.
https://www.gregschool.org/gregschoolle ... e-galaxies

You know, assuming we either haven't gone extinct or haven't evolved into a transhumanist form in which such storms pose no threat or inconvenience to us. Like if we're all living as AI with servers safely underground or something.

[firestar464]

We might still give a damn about ecosystems though

[Vakanai]

We might still give a damn about ecosystems though

Assuming that we're not the cause of climate disasters that far flung into the future, we might decide that it's best for us not to interfere with natural ecosystems. Let evolution and nature takes it's course while we don't intervene.

[Powers]

We might still give a damn about ecosystems though

Assuming that we're not the cause of climate disasters that far flung into the future, we might decide that it's best for us not to interfere with natural ecosystems. Let evolution and nature takes it's course while we don't intervene.

It's outside our (right now) control, e.g: Sun engulfing Earth.

[Vakanai]

We might still give a damn about ecosystems though

Assuming that we're not the cause of climate disasters that far flung into the future, we might decide that it's best for us not to interfere with natural ecosystems. Let evolution and nature takes it's course while we don't intervene.

It's outside our (right now) control, e.g: Sun engulfing Earth.

Yes, but I'm talking about the distant future. Assuming we don't go extinct or back to the stone age because of whatever disaster, we very well could reach a stage where such things are in our control - even moving the earth to a new sun, or creating a new sun for the earth. But that doesn't mean we will or should. And there's degrees of separation between controlling climate or seismic plates to say life as it is, and saving all life when the sun does go. Life will continue to evolve through natural climate change as it always has (although our current climate is not natural and we need to fix the mess we've made) but not through the literal end of the earth.

My point is, future society might take a hands off approach with nature, which honestly would probably be for the best.

[funkervogt]

You know, assuming we either haven't gone extinct or haven't evolved into a transhumanist form in which such storms pose no threat or inconvenience to us. Like if we're all living as AI with servers safely underground or something.

How would a giant hurricane with wind speeds of 500 mph / 800 kph not pose a threat or inconvenience to us, even if we have evolved into more advanced life forms?

If we're living underground as AIs, getting rid of our waste heat would be a major problem. Keeping the planet's surface from getting too hot would serve our interests since it would let us dissipate our waste heat more efficiently.

[firestar464]

These chaps would be fine imho

https://www.futuretimeline.net/the-far- ... superhuman

[Vakanai]

You know, assuming we either haven't gone extinct or haven't evolved into a transhumanist form in which such storms pose no threat or inconvenience to us. Like if we're all living as AI with servers safely underground or something.

How would a giant hurricane with wind speeds of 500 mph / 800 kph not pose a threat or inconvenience to us, even if we have evolved into more advanced life forms?

If we're living underground as AIs, getting rid of our waste heat would be a major problem. Keeping the planet's surface from getting too hot would serve our interests since it would let us dissipate our waste heat more efficiently.

You really believe our technology will still be so inefficient millions of years from now that waste heat will be a problem? That we won't be using whatever bit of heat we produce to power something else that the actual amount of energy wasted is negligible? We're talking so far in the future that I doubt we'll have such concerns.

[firestar464]

250,000,000 AD – Hypercanes are frequent on Earth

Source is a National Geographic documentary called 'Naked Science: Supercontinent', at around 25:30: https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1qb411a7tu/

- The future supercontinent, Pangaea Ultima, will have storms much more powerful than those of today.
- Much of the surface of the Earth will get above 50°C, and will be 50°C as a monthly average. This will be due to increased solar energy as the Sun ages and increased carbon dioxide content (volcanism increasing due to the continents colliding into a supercontinent).
- This high temperature will fuel enormous storms called hypercanes, much larger than modern hurricanes, and reaching into the stratosphere.
- Creatures which can survive being pummeled by the oceans will become dominant. This would include organisms like crabs: with adaptations such as hard shells, ability to survive out of water, and ability to lock their gills up to become a self-contained environment.

From Wikipedia:

Hypercanes would have wind speeds of over 800 kilometres per hour (500 mph), potentially gusting to 970 km/h (600 mph), and would also have a central pressure of less than 700 hectopascals (20.67 inHg), giving them an enormous lifespan of at least several weeks. This extreme low pressure could also support massive storm systems roughly the size of North America.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypercane

Very fascinating. However, by that far in the future, we will have the technology to control the weather to a large extent. Satellites positioned between the Earth and Sun could shade the planet, keeping overall sunlight intensity levels the same as they are now.

And by using a technique called "star lifting," we could slowly siphon off the Sun's outer layers of hydrogen, which might shrink it enough to prevent it from turning into a red giant that is projected to expand and fry Earth in 5 billion years.
https://www.gregschool.org/gregschoolle ... e-galaxies

Either way, we could add the prediction with the text "assuming no human intervention"

[FuturismFan]

250,000,000 AD – Reptiles have replaced mammals as the largest land animals

Source is a National Geographic documentary called 'Naked Science: Supercontinent', at around 32:20: https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1qb411a7tu/

- The future supercontinent, Pangaea Ultima, will be dominated by deserts, and surface temperatures may reach 50°C as a monthly average in many areas.
- Reptiles will likely supplant mammals as the largest land animals, since their physiology allows them to tolerate heat and a limited water supply.
- Herbivorous dinosaurs, like sauropods, became gigantic since they needed large guts to get the nutrients out of poor quality food. Since flowering plants (which are high quality food sources) have become common, it’s unlikely that future land animals will become as large as the largest dinosaurs.
- Thus, future land reptiles on the future supercontinent will be pig and cow-sized, not brachiosaur-sized.
- Drought adapted plants, like cacti, will dominate the future supercontinent. These future plants will have adaptations such as a light gray color, spines, and the ability to break up airflow around the surface of the plant to reduce the rate at which moisture is lost.

[funkervogt]

You know, assuming we either haven't gone extinct or haven't evolved into a transhumanist form in which such storms pose no threat or inconvenience to us. Like if we're all living as AI with servers safely underground or something.

How would a giant hurricane with wind speeds of 500 mph / 800 kph not pose a threat or inconvenience to us, even if we have evolved into more advanced life forms?

If we're living underground as AIs, getting rid of our waste heat would be a major problem. Keeping the planet's surface from getting too hot would serve our interests since it would let us dissipate our waste heat more efficiently.

You really believe our technology will still be so inefficient millions of years from now that waste heat will be a problem? That we won't be using whatever bit of heat we produce to power something else that the actual amount of energy wasted is negligible? We're talking so far in the future that I doubt we'll have such concerns.

Unless we discover a way to get around the laws of physics, yes, waste heat will be a problem for us even in the year 250,000,000 A.D. There are theoretical limits to how efficient computation can be, theoretical limits to how efficient our energy generation and machines can be, and theoretical limits to how quickly the resulting waste heat can be disposed of. As a rule, I don't base any of my predictions on an assumption that we find ways around limitations imposed by physics.

Link: https://www.e-education.psu.edu/egee102/node/1942

[Vakanai]

How would a giant hurricane with wind speeds of 500 mph / 800 kph not pose a threat or inconvenience to us, even if we have evolved into more advanced life forms?

If we're living underground as AIs, getting rid of our waste heat would be a major problem. Keeping the planet's surface from getting too hot would serve our interests since it would let us dissipate our waste heat more efficiently.

You really believe our technology will still be so inefficient millions of years from now that waste heat will be a problem? That we won't be using whatever bit of heat we produce to power something else that the actual amount of energy wasted is negligible? We're talking so far in the future that I doubt we'll have such concerns.

Unless we discover a way to get around the laws of physics, yes, waste heat will be a problem for us even in the year 250,000,000 A.D. There are theoretical limits to how efficient computation can be, theoretical limits to how efficient our energy generation and machines can be, and theoretical limits to how quickly the resulting waste heat can be disposed of. As a rule, I don't base any of my predictions on an assumption that we find ways around limitations imposed by physics.

Link: https://www.e-education.psu.edu/egee102/node/1942

Edit: Sorry, my earlier version of this post was worded more harshly than I should have let out. Truth is I got upset because I know waste heat will always exist, I felt it was obvious that I meant we will make it as efficient as physics allows, and that I believe that level of efficiency will be enough to not make waste heat a problem. But then you went on to explain what I already know like I didn't and like it somehow proves me wrong because I was talking about some magical thing physics won't allow, and it pissed me off in the moment and it reflected how I worded my response, so sorry. So a calmer wording - yes I understand that by physics waste heat will exist, I never argued otherwise, my point is that it will be so efficient that whatever waste heat we can't get around making will be so minimal that our earth will not be greatly effected by it, and that pumping it out into a world where hypercanes exist will be just fine as well.

[wjfox]

2051 - Car number plates in the UK switch to a new system

https://sureplates.co.uk/cars/a-brief-h ... er-plates/

[FuturismFan]

You really believe our technology will still be so inefficient millions of years from now that waste heat will be a problem? That we won't be using whatever bit of heat we produce to power something else that the actual amount of energy wasted is negligible? We're talking so far in the future that I doubt we'll have such concerns.

Unless we discover a way to get around the laws of physics, yes, waste heat will be a problem for us even in the year 250,000,000 A.D. There are theoretical limits to how efficient computation can be, theoretical limits to how efficient our energy generation and machines can be, and theoretical limits to how quickly the resulting waste heat can be disposed of. As a rule, I don't base any of my predictions on an assumption that we find ways around limitations imposed by physics.

Link: https://www.e-education.psu.edu/egee102/node/1942

Edit: Sorry, my earlier version of this post was worded more harshly than I should have let out. Truth is I got upset because I know waste heat will always exist, I felt it was obvious that I meant we will make it as efficient as physics allows, and that I believe that level of efficiency will be enough to not make waste heat a problem. But then you went on to explain what I already know like I didn't and like it somehow proves me wrong because I was talking about some magical thing physics won't allow, and it pissed me off in the moment and it reflected how I worded my response, so sorry. So a calmer wording - yes I understand that by physics waste heat will exist, I never argued otherwise, my point is that it will be so efficient that whatever waste heat we can't get around making will be so minimal that our earth will not be greatly effected by it, and that pumping it out into a world where hypercanes exist will be just fine as well.

In sci-fi, there is a potential solution to the waste heat problem. Waste heat in some sci-fi is radiated as neutrinos.

From a sci-fi page:
https://www.orionsarm.com/eg-article/4a31122b879b4

Neutrino chillers utilize massive banks of neutrino cooling systems - systems that radiate waste heat as neutrinos.

While this is obviously impossible with current technology, and not even theoretical at this point, it would entirely solve the waste heat problem. Neutrinos can pass through a light-year of solid lead without hitting an atom.

[Vakanai]

Unless we discover a way to get around the laws of physics, yes, waste heat will be a problem for us even in the year 250,000,000 A.D. There are theoretical limits to how efficient computation can be, theoretical limits to how efficient our energy generation and machines can be, and theoretical limits to how quickly the resulting waste heat can be disposed of. As a rule, I don't base any of my predictions on an assumption that we find ways around limitations imposed by physics.

Link: https://www.e-education.psu.edu/egee102/node/1942

Edit: Sorry, my earlier version of this post was worded more harshly than I should have let out. Truth is I got upset because I know waste heat will always exist, I felt it was obvious that I meant we will make it as efficient as physics allows, and that I believe that level of efficiency will be enough to not make waste heat a problem. But then you went on to explain what I already know like I didn't and like it somehow proves me wrong because I was talking about some magical thing physics won't allow, and it pissed me off in the moment and it reflected how I worded my response, so sorry. So a calmer wording - yes I understand that by physics waste heat will exist, I never argued otherwise, my point is that it will be so efficient that whatever waste heat we can't get around making will be so minimal that our earth will not be greatly effected by it, and that pumping it out into a world where hypercanes exist will be just fine as well.

In sci-fi, there is a potential solution to the waste heat problem. Waste heat in some sci-fi is radiated as neutrinos.

From a sci-fi page:
https://www.orionsarm.com/eg-article/4a31122b879b4

Neutrino chillers utilize massive banks of neutrino cooling systems - systems that radiate waste heat as neutrinos.

While this is obviously impossible with current technology, and not even theoretical at this point, it would entirely solve the waste heat problem. Neutrinos can pass through a light-year of solid lead without hitting an atom.

Again, I feel like waste heat isn't a problem unless we produce far more waste heat than we do today, and I'd need to see some good reasoning on why it would greatly surpass today's peaks.

[wjfox]

Again, I feel like waste heat isn't a problem unless we produce far more waste heat than we do today, and I'd need to see some good reasoning on why it would greatly surpass today's peaks.

https://www.futuretimeline.net/forum/vi ... f=3&t=2976

[wjfox]

2057 - Collapse of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC)

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-023-39810-w

[Vakanai]

Again, I feel like waste heat isn't a problem unless we produce far more waste heat than we do today, and I'd need to see some good reasoning on why it would greatly surpass today's peaks.

https://www.futuretimeline.net/forum/vi ... f=3&t=2976

So imagine a world that is, for example, covered in large amounts of computronium and/or other infrastructure needed to sustain a God-like superintelligence, along with billions or maybe even trillions of humans, robots, etc. That's going to generate a stupendous amount of heat. Literally enough to boil the oceans.

Yeah, no. We don't need to cover that much of the earth in computronium to support a God-like super intelligence - seems like we're getting a glimpse of what's needed for that now, and it's far less than that. In a decade or so we'll have AGI probably with not much more waste heat than we're producing now, and humanity is on track to start going towards smaller population size so not trillions (longevity/immortality but stop reduction but if we reach that goal we'll probably start discussing population control when no one dies), and I doubt we'll have that many robots if we're spending more time in virtual realities, mostly just to maintain us.

[wjfox]

Nuclear thermal propulsion ought to be mentioned somewhere on the timeline.

https://www.futuretimeline.net/blog/202 ... meline.htm

I'm thinking 2050-2060 when it's perfected and routinely used for human missions.